The T-29/C-131 series was a development of the civilian models 240/340/440 Convair- Liner. The T-29 was designed to replace TB-25J. A number of both types were modified with civilian interiors for executive transport. The first T-29 was delivered in 1950, but the first C-131 was not delivered until 1964. The C-131 was primarily used for casualty evacuation. Some were modified for special duties, including missile tracking, photographic survey, and airways checking. Air forces of Australia, West Germany, Italy, Bolivia, Spain, Paraguay, and Sri Lanka obtained small numbers of ex-civilian models. The US Navy flew a number of R4Y aircraft, and later some C-131s transferred from the Air Force. The current T-43 replaced the T-29 for training navigators. The last C-131s were retired from the Air National Guard in the mid-1980s. One C-131 was extensively modified, complete with a second cockpit attached to the front of the aircraft, to allow for simulation of large aircraft handling characteristics. The aircraft, designated NC-131H, is known as the Total In-Flight Simulator (TIFS) and is still in use.

Contractors:	Consolidated-Vultee Aircraft Corp. (Convair)
Locations Built:	San Diego, Calif.
Number Built: (USAF)	1,076 incl civilian models (472)
First Flight:	March 16, 1947
First Flight Model:	Company Model 240
First Flight Location:	San Diego, Calif.
First Flight Pilot:	Sam Shannon, pilot; Russell Rogers, copilot; and L. J. Bordelan and J. T. Ready, flight engineers
Models/Variants:	T-29A, B, C, D. AT-29C (later redesignated ET-29C). VT- 29C. C-131A, B, D, E. JC-131B. VC-131D. RC-131F, G
Powerplant:	Two Pratt & Whitney R-2800-99W Double Wasp 18-cylinder, two-row radials of 2,500 hp
Wingspan:	91 ft 9 in.
Length:	74 ft 8 in.
Height:	26 ft 11 in.
Weight:	43,575 lb gross
Armament:	None
Accommodation:	Crew of four (pilot, copilot, and instructors) and 16 students
Cost:	$635,000 (C-131D)
Max. Speed:	299 mph
Range:	Approx 1,000 mi.
Ceiling:	24,000 ft.